sold bibles to homesteading settlers throughout Charlevoix and Emmet Counties. During the 1870s, Presbyterian evangelist Rev. Passengers and goods passed through Petoskey and made their way to Charlevoix via boat or stagecoach.
Īnother transformative event came in November 1873 when rail operations arrived in "Bear Creek" (now known as Petoskey), 16 miles north. This had profound commercial implications for the area. When this was completed in 1869, lake levels dropped, and navigation between Lake Charlevoix and Lake Michigan was established. In order to aid lumber and boat traffic, city leaders pooled resources to cut a channel between Lake Charlevoix to Round Lake, and to dredge the Pine River for navigation between Round Lake and Lake Michigan. Prior to 1869, Lake Charlevoix (then known as Pine Lake) was two feet higher than Round Lake, which was 2 feet higher than Lake Michigan. In 1869, the Charlevoix Sentinel was founded, which became a major newspaper of record for the area for the next 60 years. By 1867, Charlevoix had its first boarding house, the Fountain City House Charlevoix became the county seat in 1869 when Charlevoix County was formed.Ĭommercial and cultural transformation (1869–1880s) Dixon completed plats of the entire town (then called "Pine River"), showing that he owned most of the land. The Pine River channel was dredged in 1869, connecting Lake Michigan to Lake Charlevoix.
Boats there were exposed to the harsh vicissitudes of Great Lakes weather, so local entrepreneurs sought to connect Lake Michigan to an inland harbor at Round Lake. In 1864, settlers built a large dock at the mouth of the Pine River on Lake Michigan. It sold 160-acre tracts of land for $1.25 an acre. The Homestead Act of 1862 brought many Civil War veterans and speculators to Northern Michigan. Portion of the historic Chicago Club, one of the several large resort communities that developed in Charlevoix around the turn of the 20th century. Strang was assassinated on June 20, 1856. In 1853, a gunfight broke out between the two groups as the townspeople refused to hand over a man who was called for jury duty on the island, an event known locally as The Battle of Pine River. Relations between Charlevoix residents and the Strangites were often tense. Soon after its formation in the 1850s, the residents of Charlevoix entered into a short-lived conflict with Jesse Strang, leader and namesake of the Strangite Mormons, and then self-proclaimed 'king' of Beaver Island. The Odawa and Ojibwe lived throughout northern Michigan prior to European colonization.Įuropean-American settlement of Charlevoix was initially by fishermen, who were there by 1852. During this time, Native Americans were thought to have lived in the Pine River valley. Pierre François Xavier de Charlevoix, a French explorer who traveled the Great Lakes and was said to have stayed the night on Fisherman's Island during a harsh storm.
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